27 E: The text says ‘The World Health Organisation has produced a report [= recently published data] predicting that 9.8 billion of us [= the human population] will be living on this planet by 2050. Of that number, 72% will be living in urban areas [= cities] – a higher proportion than ever before.’

28 F: The text says ‘At the top of the list [= the worst problem] of survey respondents’ concerns is the fact that competition amongst tenants [= people who pay rent] for rental properties has driven the median price up – so much so that people need to hold down two or more jobs [ = to have two or three jobs] to meet all their expenses [= to have enough money to pay rent or buy a house].’

29 H: The text says ‘Another issue the survey
highlighted is the difficulty commuters [= people
who use public transport to get to work] face.
Overcrowding means that seats [= on buses and
trains] are often not available on long journeys, but more significant is that schedules are unreliable. Many studies have shown the effect that has on a country’s productivity [= impact dramatically on the economy].’

30 A: In the text, we are told that ‘respondents from increasingly crowded [= a distractor for ‘population growth’ but not the right information for this part of the summary] European cities . . . commented on how their quality of life was affected by loud machinery, other people’s music and car alarms.’

31 C: The text tells us that ‘Something the survey failed to ask about [= it omitted a section on this] was the value people placed on having access to nature . . . However, some countries are already moving forward [= making progress]. Singapore is a prime example; its rooftop gardens . . .’.