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Reading Technics: Scanning
Introduction to Keywords
Scanning
One of the basic techniques in reading is “scanning,” which involves rapidly moving through text to locate specific information or keywords without engaging in thorough comprehension. This method is particularly useful for efficiently extracting pertinent data, such as dates, names, or key phrases, from larger bodies of text. By employing scanning, readers can enhance their ability to quickly assess the relevance of material, thus facilitating more effective time management in information retrieval tasks.
Part 2
Exercise:
Scan the passage below to identify the following words. Focus solely on locating the words without reading for comprehension, and try to complete the exercise as quickly as possible:
Group A:
Sahel – Sahara – South Africa – Chad – Mali – Kitta – West African
Group B:
Transitional – Prolonged – Overcultivation – Habitat – Desertification – Economy
1. Which group can be located more quickly? What factors contribute to this?
2. Which group of words is likely to undergo changes throughout the text?
Part 3
اسکن کردن ، اولین و پایه ای ترین تکنیک در ریدینگ است. این تکنیک برای سریع تر خواندن و درک متن خیلی کمک میکنئ. برای اسکن کردن، لازم نیست متن را طوری بخوانید که معنی از آن دریافت کنید، فقط کافی است 1- خود کلمه را عینا ببینید و یا 2- معادل معنایی آن را بیابید. یافتن این کلمات یا معادل آنها می تواند کمک بسزایی در حل تمرینهای ریدینگ به شما بکند
همانطور که در تمرین بالا، متوجه شدید، کلمات خاص که با حروف بزگ شروع می شوند و اعداد ، در متن خیلی سریع اسکن و یافت می شوند. این کلمات را عینا در متن پیدا می کنیم. ولی سایر کلمات ممکن است به شکل مترادف و یا حتی متضاد در متن دیده شوند
Introduction to Keywords
Introduction to Keywords
Keywords are specific words or phrases that capture the essential meaning of a text. Identifying and focusing on these keywords helps readers quickly understand the main ideas and important details in a passage. This technique is especially useful in reading comprehension exercises and exams.
Types of Keywords
1. Content Keywords
2. Transition Keywords
3. Question Keywords
4. Answer Keywords
5. Descriptive Keywords
Part 2
1. Content Keywords
Role:
Content keywords are words or phrases that convey the main ideas and crucial details of the text. These include names, dates, specific terms, and main topics.
Examples:
– “Climate change”
– “Ecosystems”
– “Photosynthesis”
– “World War II”
– “Quantum mechanics”
Example Sentence:
“Photosynthesis is the process by which green plants and some other organisms use sunlight to synthesize foods with the help of chlorophyll.”
Part 3
“Photosynthesis is the process by which green plants and some other organisms use sunlight to synthesize foods with the help of chlorophyll.”
Photosynthesis کلمه کلیدی اصلی
chlorophyll کلمه کلیدی فرعی ولی بدون تغییر در متن
green plants, sunlight, synthesize, help کلمه کلیدی که در متن ممکن است تغییر کنند، مترادف آنها را می بینید
other organisms, foods برای اینها معمولا مصداق یا زیر مجموعه در متن دیده می شود. مثلا نام چند غذا
Types of keywords
2. Transition Keywords
Examples:
– “However”- “Therefore”- “Moreover”- “In contrast”- “Firstly”
Example Sentence:
“Firstly, we need to gather all the necessary materials. However, before starting, it’s crucial to read the instructions carefully.”
3. Question Keywords
Examples:
– “Who”- “What”- “When”- “Where”- “Why”- “How”
Example Sentence:
“Who was the first person to walk on the moon?”
Part 2
4. Answer Keywords
Examples:
– Names- Numbers- Locations- Dates- Definitions
Example Sentence:
“Neil Armstrong was the first person to walk on the moon on July 20, 1969.”
5. Descriptive Keywords
Examples:
– “Beautiful”- “Rapidly”- “Gigantic”- “Enthusiastically”- “Ancient”
Example Sentence:
“The ancient ruins were breathtakingly beautiful, attracting tourists from all over the world.”
Part 3
Transitional keywords: “However”- “Therefore”- “Moreover”- “In contrast”- “Firstly”
معمولا جمله ای که بعد از اینها می آید، مهمتر است و تعیین کننده تر
Question keywords: “Who”- “What”- “When”- “Where”- “Why”- “How”
معمولا پاسخ این کلمات در متن، یک اسم خاص یا یک عدد است، که خیلی سریع با اسکن کردن یافت می شوند.
Watch Videos
Video(s), carefully selected for this topic:
- Youtube videos
- Selfostudy videos
Playlist
4 Videos
Play Video
Resources
To completely learn this lesson, you may need to study the following resources. Some of the materials below may require a higher user plan.
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Books
The list below presents the resources suggested for today’s lesson. just click on the item to navigate to the main page for further information and the download link.
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PDF 1
Practice with AI
To increase your exercise routine, feel free to utilize any available chatbot. Simply copy the prompts below and use them to instruct the chatbot to create practice activities related to today’s lesson.
- Your own chatbot
- Xwrails chatbot
AI Exercise #1
Please give me a short paragraph and ask me to identify specific keywords. Give feedback on my answer. Repeat the same procedure for two more times.
AI Exercise #2
Please give me a sentence and ask me to identify the main keyword (content keyword). Give feedback on my answer, then repeat this with two more items.
Homework
In this unit, you are given a pdf. Do exercises 6,7, and 8 and send the answer to your teacher for feedback.
Ask your teacher
In case you need help from a qualified teacher to better understand keywords in Reading, it is advisable to book a session of 45-60 minutes with your trusted teacher.
